General radiography (or x-ray) refers to the use of x-rays to create static 2D images of different parts of the body. An image is produced when a small amount of radiation passes through a patient’s body and is recorded on a film or detector on the other side of the body. X-ray is the most commonly performed examination and is very good for investigating bones as well as soft tissue such as the chest, lungs and abdomen. Unless a more complex investigation is required, plain x-rays are generally very quick and don’t cause any discomfort to the patient.
How is the procedure performed?
The technologist, an individual specially trained to perform radiology examinations, positions the patient on the x-ray table and places the x-ray film holder or digital recording plate under the table in the area of the body being imaged. When necessary, sandbags or pillows will be used to help the patient hold the proper position. A lead apron may be placed over the patient’s pelvic area to protect it from radiation. The patient must hold very still and may be asked to keep from breathing for a few seconds while the x-ray picture is taken to reduce the possibility of a blurred image. The technologist will walk behind a wall or into the next room to activate the x-ray machine.
The patient may be repositioned for another view and the process is repeated. At least two images (from different angles) will be taken and often three images are needed if the problem is around a joint (knee, elbow or wrist). An x-ray may also be taken of the unaffected limb, or of a child’s growth plate (where new bone is forming), for comparison purposes. When the examination is complete, the patient will be asked to wait until the technologist determines that the images are of high enough quality for the radiologist to read. A bone x-ray examination is usually completed within 5 to 10 minutes.